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Parashah 32: B'har ·On mount· 25:1-26:2
25
Read with Parashah 33 in regular years; in leap years, read separately
1 Adonai said to Moses [Drawn out] in Mount Sinai [Thorn], 2 “Speak to the children of Israel [God prevails], and tell them, ‘When you come into the land which I give you, then the land shall keep a Sabbath ·To cease· to Adonai . 3 You shall sow your field six years, and you shall prune your vineyard six years, and gather in its fruits; 4 * Lev 25:4 (Lev 25:1-7, 25:20-22) (#4.316): Not to till the ground in the Sabbath year, the seventh Year, the Sh'mitta ·Release· Year but in the seventh year there shall be a Sabbath of solemn rest for the land, a Sabbath to Adonai . You shall not sow your field or † Lev 25:4 (Lev 25:1-7, 25:20-22) (#4.317): T. Not to work the vines in the Sabbath year, the seventh Year, the Sh'mitta ·Release· Year / R. Not to work with trees to produce fruit in the Sabbath year, the seventh Year, the Sh'mitta ·Release· Year prune your vineyard. 5 ‡ Lev 25:5 (Lev 25:1-7, 25:20-22) (#4.318): T. Not to harvest what grows by itself in the Sabbath year, the seventh Year, the Sh'mitta ·Release· Year / R. Not to harvest crops that grow wild in the normal manner during the Sabbath year, the seventh Year, the Sh'mitta ·Release· Year What grows of itself in your harvest you shall not reap, § Lev 25:5 (Lev 25:1-7, 25:20-22) (#4.319): T. Not to gather the grapes of your unattended vine in the Sabbath year, the seventh Year, the Sh'mitta ·Release· Year / R. Not to gather the fruit of vines in the Sabbath year, the seventh Year Sh'mitta ·Release· Year in the way it is gathered in all the other years and you shall not gather the grapes of your undressed vine. It shall be a year of solemn rest for the land. 6 The Sabbath ·To cease· of the land shall be for food for you; for yourself, for your servant, for your maid, for your hired servant, and for your stranger, who lives as a foreigner with you. 7 For your livestock also, and for the animals that are in your land, shall all its increase be for food.
8 * Lev 25:8 (Lev 25:8-13, 25:20-22) (#4.320): T. To count the seven Sabbath years leading up to the Yovel · shofar blast· / Jubilee · shofar· / R. The Great Rabbinical Court / the Sanhedrin ·Sitting together· must count seven groups of seven years
T. Note: Counting seven sets of the seventh Year Sabbath, that is the Sh'mitta ·Release· Year, so 7 Sh'mitta ·Release· Years x 7 sets of years each, this totals 49 years, plus one year which is the 50th year Yovel · shofar blast· / Jubilee · shofar· “ ‘You shall count off seven Sabbaths of years, seven times seven years; and there shall be to you the days of seven Sabbaths of years, even forty-nine years. 9 † Lev 25:9 (Lev 25:8-13, 25:20-22) (#4.321): T. To sound the shofar ·ram’s horn· in the Yovel Year · shofar blast Year·, also called the Jubilee Year · shofar Year·, the 50th year / R. To blow the shofar ·ram’s horn· on the tenth of the month Tishrei to free the slaves
T. Directive: On Yom Kippur ·Day of Atonement· in the Yovel Year · shofar blast Year·, also called Jubilee Year · shofar Year·, the 50th year release is to start Then you shall sound the loud shofar ·ram horn· on the tenth day of the seventh month. On Yom-Kippur ·Day of Atonement· you shall sound the shofar ·ram horn· throughout all your land. 10 ‡ Lev 25:10 (Lev 25:8-13, 25:20-22) (#4.322): T. To set apart the Yovel Year · shofar blast Year·, also called the Jubilee Year · shofar Year·, the 50th year, similar to the seventh Year Sabbath, the Sh'mitta ·Release· Year / R. The Great Rabbinical Court / the Sanhedrin ·Sitting together· must sanctify the fiftieth year, that is the Yovel Year · shofar blast Year·, also called the Jubilee Year · shofar Year· You shall make the fiftieth year holy, and proclaim liberty throughout the land to all its inhabitants. It shall be a Jubilee to you; and each of you shall teshuvah ·completely return· to his own property, and each of you shall teshuvah ·completely return· to his family. 11 That fiftieth year shall be a Jubilee to you. § Lev 25:11 (Lev 25:8-13, 25:20-22) (#4.323): T. Not to sow seed in the Yovel Year · shofar blast Year·, also called the Jubilee Year · shofar Year· / R. Not to work the soil in the Yovel Year · shofar blast Year·, also called the Jubilee Year · shofar Year· In it you shall not sow, * Lev 25:11 (Lev 25:8-13, 25:20-22) (#4.324): T. Not to harvest what grows by itself in the Yovel Year · shofar blast Year·, also called the Jubilee Year · shofar Year·, as in the other years / R. Not to reap in the normal manner that which grows wild in the fiftieth year, the Yovel Year · shofar blast Year·, also called the Jubilee Year · shofar Year· neither reap that which grows of itself, † Lev 25:11 (Lev 252:8-13, 5:20-22) (#4.325): T. Not to gather fruit of the vine in the Yovel Year · shofar blast Year·, also called the Jubilee Year · shofar Year·, as in the other years / R. Not to pick grapes which grew wild in the normal manner in the fiftieth year, the Yovel Year · shofar blast Year·, also called the Jubilee Year · shofar Year· nor gather from the undressed vines. 12 For it is a Jubilee; it shall be holy to you. You shall eat of its increase out of the field.
13 “ ‘In this Jubilee Year ·Shofar Year· each of you shall teshuvah ·completely return· to his property.
(LY:2) 14 ‡ Lev 25:14 (Lev 25:14-19) (#10.590): T. You shall not wrong your neighbor in buying and selling / R. Buy and sell according to Torah ·Teaching· law
T. Example: Specify the context is buying and selling land in the greater context of the Yovel Year ·Shofar blast Year·, also called the Jubilee Year ·Shofar Year· § Lev 25:14 (#10.591): T. To judge the case of purchase and sale / R. Not to overcharge for an item nor to underpay for an item
T. Example: Specify the context is buying and selling land in the greater context of the Yovel Year ·Shofar blast Year·, also called the Jubilee Year ·Shofar Year· “ ‘If you sell anything to your neighbor, or buy from your neighbor, you shall not wrong one another. 15 According to the number of years after the Jubilee you shall buy from your neighbor. According to the number of years of the crops he shall sell to you. 16 According to the length of the years you shall increase its price, and according to the shortness of the years you shall diminish its price; for he is selling the number of the crops to you. 17 * Lev 25:17 (Lev 25:13-17) (#10.592): T. You shall not take advantage of each other in context of selling land; by considering the Yovel Year ·Shofar blast Year·, also called the Jubilee Year ·Shofar Year· / R. That one shall not wrong others in speech / R. Not to insult or harm anybody with words You shall not wrong one another; but you shall fear your God: for I am Adonai your God.
18 “ ‘Therefore you shall do my statutes, and keep my judgments and do them; and you shall dwell in the land in safety. (RY:2, LY:3) 19 The land shall yield its fruit, and you shall eat your fill, and dwell therein in safety. 20 If you said, “What shall we eat the seventh year? Behold, we shall not sow, nor gather in our increase;” 21 then I will enjoin my blessing on you in the sixth year, and it shall bear fruit for the three years. 22 You shall sow the eighth year, and eat of the fruits, the old store; until the ninth year, until its fruits come in, you shall eat the old store.
23 † Lev 25:23 (Lev 25:23-28) (#4.326): Not to sell land in the Land of Israel [God prevails] in perpetuity, permanently, without reclaim, nor indefinitely
T. Note Reason: For the land is mine (Adonai’s) and you are strangers and live as temporary residents with me “ ‘The land shall not be sold in perpetuity, for the land is mine; for you are strangers and live as foreigners with me. 24 ‡ Lev 25:24 (Lev 25:8-13, 25:23-28) (#4.327): T. To grant the right of land redemption which occurs in the 50th Yovel · shofar blast· / Jubilee · shofar· year / R. To carry out the laws of sold family properties In all the land of your possession you shall grant a redemption for the land.
(LY:4) 25 “ ‘If your brother becomes poor, and sells some of his possessions, then his kinsman who is next to him shall come, and redeem that which his brother has sold. 26 If a man has no one to redeem it, and he becomes prosperous and finds sufficient means to redeem it; 27 then let him reckon the years since its sale, and restore the surplus to the man to whom he sold it; and he shall teshuvah ·completely return· to his property. 28 But if he is not able to get it back for himself, then what he has sold shall remain in the hand of him who has bought it until the Jubilee Year ·Shofar Year·: and in the Jubilee it shall be released, and he shall teshuvah ·completely return· to his property.
(RY:3, LY:5) 29 § Lev 25:29 (Lev 25:29-30, 25:31) (#4.328): T. Houses sold within a walled city may be redeemed within a year / R. Carry out the laws of houses in walled cities
T. Note: This is called the Right of Redemption. If it is not redeemed in a year, it shall be perpetually the property of him who bought it, through all generations “ ‘If a man sells a dwelling house in a walled city, then he may redeem it within a whole year after it has been sold. For a full year he shall have the right of redemption. 30 If it is not redeemed within the space of a full year, then the house that is in the walled city shall be made sure in perpetuity to him who bought it, throughout his generations. It shall not be released in the Jubilee. 31 But the houses of the villages which have no wall around them shall be accounted for with the fields of the country: they may be redeemed, and they shall be released in the Jubilee.
32 “ ‘Nevertheless the cities of the Levites [Descendants of United with], the houses in the cities of their possession, the Levites [Descendants of United with] may redeem at any time. 33 The Levites [Descendants of United with] may redeem the house that was sold, and the city of his possession, and it shall be released in the Jubilee; for the houses of the cities of the Levites [Descendants of United with] are their possession among the children of Israel [God prevails]. 34 * Lev 25:34 (Lev 35:32-34) (#1.15): T. Not to sell the open lands and fields around the cities of the Levites / R. Not to sell the fields but they shall remain the Levites’ before and after the Yovel Year ·Shofar blast Year·, also called the Jubilee Year ·Shofar Year· But the field of the suburbs of their cities may not be sold; for it is their perpetual possession.
35 “ ‘If your brother has become poor, and his hand can’t support himself among you; then you shall uphold him. He shall live with you like an alien and a temporary resident. 36 Take no interest from him or profit, but fear your God; that your brother may live among you. 37 † Lev 25:37 (#10.593): T. Not to make a profit when you sell food to the poor among your people / R. Not to loan to an Israelite on interest You shall not lend him your money at interest, nor give him your food for profit. 38 I am Adonai your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt [Abode of slavery], to give you the land of Canaan [Humbled], and to be your God.
(RY:4, LY:6) 39 ‡ Lev 25:39 (Lev 25:39-43) (#5.370): T. Not to work a Hebrew male servant in the same way as a slave / R. Not to have him do menial slave labor (More notes in Ex 21:8 OU360) “ ‘If your brother has grown poor among you, and sells himself to you; you shall not make him to serve as a slave. 40 As a hired servant, and as a temporary resident, he shall be with you; he shall serve with you until the Jubilee Year ·Shofar Year·: 41 then he shall go out from you, he and his children with him, and shall teshuvah ·completely return· to his own family, and to the possession of his fathers. 42 § Lev 25:42 (Lev 25:39-43) (#5.371): Not to sell a Hebrew male servant as slaves are sold (More notes in Ex 21:8 OU360) For they are my servants, whom I brought out of the land of Egypt [Abode of slavery]. They shall not be sold as slaves. 43 * Lev 25:43 (Lev 25:39-46) (#5.372): T. Not to treat a Hebrew male servant harshly / R. Not to subjugate a Hebrew male servant to strenuous nor oppressive work (More notes in Ex 21:8 OU360) You shall not rule over him with harshness, but shall fear your God.
44 “ ‘As for your male and your female slaves, whom you may have; of the nations that are around you, from them you may buy male and female slaves. 45 Moreover of the children of the aliens who live among you, of them you may buy, and of their families who are with you, which they have conceived in your land; and they will be your property. 46 † Lev 25:46 (Lev 25:44-46) (#5.373): T. Permission to take slaves from the surrounding nations perpetually / R. To use the Canaanites as slaves forever / R. Canaanite slaves must work forever unless injured in one of their limbs You may make them an inheritance for your children after you, to hold for a possession; of them may you take your slaves forever; but over your brothers the children of Israel [God prevails] you shall not rule, one over another, with harshness.
(LY:7) 47 “ ‘If an alien or temporary resident with you becomes rich, and your brother beside him has grown poor, and sells himself to the stranger or foreigner living among you, or to a member of the stranger’s family; 48 after he is sold he may be redeemed. One of his brothers may redeem him; 49 or his dod ·uncle·, or his dod ·uncle’s· son, may redeem him, or any who is a close relative to him of his family may redeem him; or if he has grown rich, he may redeem himself. 50 He shall reckon with him who bought him from the year that he sold himself to him to the Jubilee Year ·Shofar Year·. The price of his sale shall be according to the number of years; he shall be with him according to the time of a hired servant. 51 If there are yet many years, according to them he shall give back the price of his redemption out of the money that he was bought for. 52 If there remain but a few years to the year of Jubilee, then he shall reckon with him; according to his years of service he shall give back the price of his redemption. 53 As a servant hired year by year shall he be with him. ‡ Lev 25:53 (Lev 25:47-55) (#5.374): T. Not to allow a foreigner living among the people of Israel to work a Hebrew male servant, who was sold to him, harshly or oppressively / R. Not to allow a Gentile to work a Hebrew male servant who was sold to him in strenuous work He shall not rule with harshness over him in your sight. 54 If he is not redeemed by these means, then he shall be released in the Jubilee Year ·Shofar Year·, he, and his children with him. (LY: Maftir ·Conclusion·) 55 For to me the children of Israel [God prevails] are servants; they are my servants whom I brought out of the land of Egypt [Abode of slavery]. I am Adonai your God.

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*25:4 Lev 25:4 (Lev 25:1-7, 25:20-22) (#4.316): Not to till the ground in the Sabbath year, the seventh Year, the Sh'mitta ·Release· Year

†25:4 Lev 25:4 (Lev 25:1-7, 25:20-22) (#4.317): T. Not to work the vines in the Sabbath year, the seventh Year, the Sh'mitta ·Release· Year / R. Not to work with trees to produce fruit in the Sabbath year, the seventh Year, the Sh'mitta ·Release· Year

‡25:5 Lev 25:5 (Lev 25:1-7, 25:20-22) (#4.318): T. Not to harvest what grows by itself in the Sabbath year, the seventh Year, the Sh'mitta ·Release· Year / R. Not to harvest crops that grow wild in the normal manner during the Sabbath year, the seventh Year, the Sh'mitta ·Release· Year

§25:5 Lev 25:5 (Lev 25:1-7, 25:20-22) (#4.319): T. Not to gather the grapes of your unattended vine in the Sabbath year, the seventh Year, the Sh'mitta ·Release· Year / R. Not to gather the fruit of vines in the Sabbath year, the seventh Year Sh'mitta ·Release· Year in the way it is gathered in all the other years

*25:8 Lev 25:8 (Lev 25:8-13, 25:20-22) (#4.320): T. To count the seven Sabbath years leading up to the Yovel · shofar blast· / Jubilee · shofar· / R. The Great Rabbinical Court / the Sanhedrin ·Sitting together· must count seven groups of seven years T. Note: Counting seven sets of the seventh Year Sabbath, that is the Sh'mitta ·Release· Year, so 7 Sh'mitta ·Release· Years x 7 sets of years each, this totals 49 years, plus one year which is the 50th year Yovel · shofar blast· / Jubilee · shofar·

†25:9 Lev 25:9 (Lev 25:8-13, 25:20-22) (#4.321): T. To sound the shofar ·ram’s horn· in the Yovel Year · shofar blast Year·, also called the Jubilee Year · shofar Year·, the 50th year / R. To blow the shofar ·ram’s horn· on the tenth of the month Tishrei to free the slaves T. Directive: On Yom Kippur ·Day of Atonement· in the Yovel Year · shofar blast Year·, also called Jubilee Year · shofar Year·, the 50th year release is to start

‡25:10 Lev 25:10 (Lev 25:8-13, 25:20-22) (#4.322): T. To set apart the Yovel Year · shofar blast Year·, also called the Jubilee Year · shofar Year·, the 50th year, similar to the seventh Year Sabbath, the Sh'mitta ·Release· Year / R. The Great Rabbinical Court / the Sanhedrin ·Sitting together· must sanctify the fiftieth year, that is the Yovel Year · shofar blast Year·, also called the Jubilee Year · shofar Year·

§25:11 Lev 25:11 (Lev 25:8-13, 25:20-22) (#4.323): T. Not to sow seed in the Yovel Year · shofar blast Year·, also called the Jubilee Year · shofar Year· / R. Not to work the soil in the Yovel Year · shofar blast Year·, also called the Jubilee Year · shofar Year·

*25:11 Lev 25:11 (Lev 25:8-13, 25:20-22) (#4.324): T. Not to harvest what grows by itself in the Yovel Year · shofar blast Year·, also called the Jubilee Year · shofar Year·, as in the other years / R. Not to reap in the normal manner that which grows wild in the fiftieth year, the Yovel Year · shofar blast Year·, also called the Jubilee Year · shofar Year·

†25:11 Lev 25:11 (Lev 252:8-13, 5:20-22) (#4.325): T. Not to gather fruit of the vine in the Yovel Year · shofar blast Year·, also called the Jubilee Year · shofar Year·, as in the other years / R. Not to pick grapes which grew wild in the normal manner in the fiftieth year, the Yovel Year · shofar blast Year·, also called the Jubilee Year · shofar Year·

‡25:14 Lev 25:14 (Lev 25:14-19) (#10.590): T. You shall not wrong your neighbor in buying and selling / R. Buy and sell according to Torah ·Teaching· law T. Example: Specify the context is buying and selling land in the greater context of the Yovel Year ·Shofar blast Year·, also called the Jubilee Year ·Shofar Year·

§25:14 Lev 25:14 (#10.591): T. To judge the case of purchase and sale / R. Not to overcharge for an item nor to underpay for an item T. Example: Specify the context is buying and selling land in the greater context of the Yovel Year ·Shofar blast Year·, also called the Jubilee Year ·Shofar Year·

*25:17 Lev 25:17 (Lev 25:13-17) (#10.592): T. You shall not take advantage of each other in context of selling land; by considering the Yovel Year ·Shofar blast Year·, also called the Jubilee Year ·Shofar Year· / R. That one shall not wrong others in speech / R. Not to insult or harm anybody with words

†25:23 Lev 25:23 (Lev 25:23-28) (#4.326): Not to sell land in the Land of Israel [God prevails] in perpetuity, permanently, without reclaim, nor indefinitely T. Note Reason: For the land is mine (Adonai’s) and you are strangers and live as temporary residents with me

‡25:24 Lev 25:24 (Lev 25:8-13, 25:23-28) (#4.327): T. To grant the right of land redemption which occurs in the 50th Yovel · shofar blast· / Jubilee · shofar· year / R. To carry out the laws of sold family properties

§25:29 Lev 25:29 (Lev 25:29-30, 25:31) (#4.328): T. Houses sold within a walled city may be redeemed within a year / R. Carry out the laws of houses in walled cities T. Note: This is called the Right of Redemption. If it is not redeemed in a year, it shall be perpetually the property of him who bought it, through all generations

*25:34 Lev 25:34 (Lev 35:32-34) (#1.15): T. Not to sell the open lands and fields around the cities of the Levites / R. Not to sell the fields but they shall remain the Levites’ before and after the Yovel Year ·Shofar blast Year·, also called the Jubilee Year ·Shofar Year·

†25:37 Lev 25:37 (#10.593): T. Not to make a profit when you sell food to the poor among your people / R. Not to loan to an Israelite on interest

‡25:39 Lev 25:39 (Lev 25:39-43) (#5.370): T. Not to work a Hebrew male servant in the same way as a slave / R. Not to have him do menial slave labor (More notes in Ex 21:8 OU360)

§25:42 Lev 25:42 (Lev 25:39-43) (#5.371): Not to sell a Hebrew male servant as slaves are sold (More notes in Ex 21:8 OU360)

*25:43 Lev 25:43 (Lev 25:39-46) (#5.372): T. Not to treat a Hebrew male servant harshly / R. Not to subjugate a Hebrew male servant to strenuous nor oppressive work (More notes in Ex 21:8 OU360)

†25:46 Lev 25:46 (Lev 25:44-46) (#5.373): T. Permission to take slaves from the surrounding nations perpetually / R. To use the Canaanites as slaves forever / R. Canaanite slaves must work forever unless injured in one of their limbs

‡25:53 Lev 25:53 (Lev 25:47-55) (#5.374): T. Not to allow a foreigner living among the people of Israel to work a Hebrew male servant, who was sold to him, harshly or oppressively / R. Not to allow a Gentile to work a Hebrew male servant who was sold to him in strenuous work

© 2016 Thomas Robinson